Principles, paradigms, and application of qualitative research in pharmacy practice

Abstract

Qualitative research methodology is applied to investigate a problem that has unmeasurable variables to obtain a comprehensive understanding of a topic by discussing it with the involved individuals and to recognize the natural context in which the investigated issue takes place. The use of qualitative research methodology is becoming increasingly common across diverse health-related disciplines, including pharmacy practice. This is because of its ability to explore the meanings of experiences and insights and to describe social processes and behaviors associated with people who suffer from a medical condition or who deal with patients, which helps in developing health or education policies. Therefore, pharmacy faculty members, researchers, and practitioners need to develop a certain level of expertise and confidence in applying qualitative research methods and approaches to inquiry. In this chapter, philosophical paradigms, approaches to inquiry, quality perspectives related to qualitative research, and other fundamental elements of qualitative research are presented with applications in pharmacy practice research when relevant. Other relevant chapters within the Encyclopedia have discussed topics related to data collection methods, sampling and recruitment of participants, conducting data collection sessions, data analysis methods, ethical issues, and reporting and writing qualitative research. 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.